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Modulus of elasticity (Young’s modulus) and tensile strength

Tensile tests measure the gradually and quickly increasing deformation of a sample specimen or component until it breaks, creating a stress-strain-curve. This curve not only provides information on the tensile strength but also on the modulus of elasticity (Young’s modulus) in the linear phase (DIN 53457), the tear strength as tensile stress at break (N/mm²), the yield stress as first relative maximum tensile stress (N/mm²) as well as the rate of elongation (%), during which the individual forms of stress occurred. The modulus of elasticity refers to the ratio of stress to the deformation of a material in the ideally elastic phase. Except at low temperatures or during high stressing rates, polymers do not show a purely elastic but a viscoelastic behavior. Hence, the moduli for polymers are dependent on time and temperature. The tensile strength of a material specifies the tensile stress determined during the tensile test under maximum force and is expressed in N/mm².